What are the two types of interneurons in the autonomic nervous system that innervate smooth muscle tissue in visceral organs?
The two types of interneurons in the autonomic nervous system that innervate smooth muscle tissue in visceral organs are: 1. **Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Neurons**: These neurons originate from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord. They release neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine (noradrenaline) at their synapses with smooth muscle cells. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system generally leads to the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs. 2. **Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) Neurons**: These neurons originate from the craniosacral region of the spinal cord. They release acetylcholine at their synapses with smooth muscle cells. Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system generally leads to the "rest and digest" response, promoting activities like digestion, urination, and sexual arousal. In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which controls involuntary bodi...
Comments
Post a Comment